References

Anderson, K. & Smaldino, J. (2000) ’Children’s Home Inventory for Listening Difficulties’  Designed by Oticon 2007 [Online] [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23]

Bupa (2013)  How Glue Ear develops [Online animation]  [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23]

Butler, C., MacMillan, H., (2001) Does early detection of otitis media with effusion prevent delayed language development, Archives of Disease in Childhood 85 pp96–103

Canning, D and James, A. (2012) The Essex Study optimised classroom acoustics for all. St Albans. The Association of Noise Consultants.

Cole, E. B., & Flexer, C. (2011) Children with hearing loss, developing listening and talking. San Diego, CA: Plural Publishing.

Department for Education and Skills (2003) ‘Acoustic Design of Schools’, Building Bulletin 93. London: The Stationery Office.

Department for Education (2015) ‘Acoustic design of school: performance standards’, Building Bulletin 93.

Department of Health (2015) NHS reference costs 2013-2014   [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23]

Ercan, I., Cakir B., Kayaoglu S., Turgut S. (2005) ‘Long term effect of autoinflation in the treatment of otitis media with effusion.’ KBB Forum 2005;4 (4):166–70

Gallagher.J. (2015) Blowing balloons ‘treats Glue Ear’ Available at http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-33678764

Hall, A., Maw.A., Steer,C., (2009) Developmental outcomes in early compared with delayed surgery for Glue Ear up to age 7 years: a randomised controlled trial.’ Clinical Otolaryngology Vol 34 Issue 1 pp 12-20

Erber, N. (1982) Auditory training. Washington, D.C.: Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf.

Finitzo-Hieber, T., and Tillman, T. (1978) ‘Room acoustics effects on monosyllabic word discrimination ability for normal and hearing-impaired children’. Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research. 21 pp. 440–458.

Haapala, S., Niemitalo-Haapola, E., Raappana, A., Kujala, T., Suominen, K., Jansson-Verkasalo, E., Kujala, T. (2016) Long-term influence of recurrent acute ottis media on neural involuntary attention switching in 2-yead-old children’ Behaviour Brain Function January 12 (1) pp.1-8  [Online] [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23].

Harries,J., & Williamson, T. (2000) ‘Community-based validation of the McCormick Toy Test’. British Journal of Audiology. Volume 34:5, pp. 279-283

Hoffman, H., Daly, K., Bainbridge, K., Casselbrant, M., Homøe, P., Kvestad, E., Kvaerber, K., Vernacchio, L., (2012) ‘Panel 1: Epidemiology, Natural History and Risk Factors.’ Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 148 (4S)

Keen, P. (2014) New consonantal Speech Banana [Online] [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23].

Klatte, M., Lachmann, T. and Meis, M. (2010) ‘Effects of noise and reverberation on speech perception and listening comprehension of children and adults in a classroom- like setting.’ Speech Perception and Understanding 12. pp. 270-82.

Klein, J. (1989) ‘Epidemiology of otitis media.’ Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 1989;8(Suppl 1):S9.

Kubba, H., Pearson, J., Birchall, J. (2000) ‘The aetiology of otitis media with effusion: a review’. Clinical Otolaryngology, Volume 25, Issue 3, June pp. 181-194

Ling, D. (1976) Speech and the hearing-impaired child: Theory and practice. Washington, DC: Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf.

Lorainem, S. (2010) Auditory Processing - A Breakdown of Skills, Super Duper Publications [Online] [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23].

Maw, A., Parker, A., Lance, G., Dilkes, M. (1992) ‘The effect of parental smoking on outcome after treatment for Glue Ear in children’.. Clinical Otolaryngology and Allied Sciences, Volume 17, Issue 5

McCormick, B. (1977) ‘The toy discrimination test: An aid for screening the hearing of children above a mental age of two years’. Public Health. Volume 91, Issue 2, March pp.67-74

McCormick, B (2004) Paediatric Audiology 0-5 years. 3rd ed. London, Whurr

MESH Guides (2018) Acoustics – hearing, listening and learning [Online]  [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23].

Midgley,E., Dewey, C., Pryce, K., Maw. A., & Alspac Study Team (2000) ‘The frequency of otitis media with effusion in British pre-school children: a guide for treatment.’ Clinical Otolaryngology Vol 25 Issue 6 pp 433-576

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence; 2023. ‘Otitis media with effusion in under 12s’  [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23]

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence Medtech innovation briefing (MIB 59): Otovent nasal balloon for otitis media with effusion Published date: March 2016. [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23]

NDCS (2008) Hear to Learn [Online]  [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23].

NDCS (2021) Glue Ear [Online] [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23]

NDCS (2018) Creating good listening conditions for learning in education [Online]: [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23].

NDCS (2019) Understanding your child’s hearing tests [Online]   [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23].

NDCS (2020)  Hearing Aids Information for Families [Online]  [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23].

Northern, J.& Downs, M. (2002) Hearing in Children (5th Edition). Baltimore, MD:Williams and Wilkins Co.

Perera R., Glasziou PP., Heneghan CJ., McLellan J., Williamson I. (2013) Autoinflation for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 5. Art. No.: CD006285

Phua, Y.S., Salkeld, L.J., de Chalain, M.B. (2009) ‘Middle ear disease in children with cleft palate: Protocols for management’. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology Volume 73,  Issue 2, pp. 307-313.

Qureishi, A., Lee, Y., Belfield, K., Birchall, J. Daniel, M.  (2014) ‘Update on otitis media - prevention and treatment.’ Infection and Drug Resistance (7) pp. 15-24

Richman, N. (1997) Is a behaviour checklist for pre-school children useful? in Epidemiological Approaches to Child Psychiatry, pp 125-137. Academic Press, London

Robb, R and Kubba, H (2015)  About Grommets ENT UK, The Royal College of Surgeons of England. [Online]  [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23]

Rothschild, M., Pediatric Ear, Nose and Throat, The Anatomy of the Ear  [Online image]  [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23].

Rovers, M., Numans, M., Langenbach, E., Grobbee, D., Ver- heij, T., Schilder, A. (2008) ‘Is pacifier use a risk factor for acute otitis media? A dynamic cohort study.’ Family Practice 25 (4) pp. 233-236.

Royal College of Physicians (2010) ‘Passive smoking and children: a report by the Tobacco Advisory Group of the Royal College of Physicians'. [ [Online] [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23].

Schafer, E. C. and Thibodeau, L. M. (2006) ‘Speech recognition in noise in children with cochlear implants while listening in bilateral, bimodal, and FM-system arrangements’. American Journal of Audiology, (15). pp. 114-126.

School of Public Health (1992) ‘Effective Health Care - The treatment of persistent Glue Ear in children’ University of Leeds [Online] [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23].

Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network Guidelines No 66. Diagnosis and Management of Childhood Otitis Media in Primary Care  Edinburgh; Royal College of Physicians; 2003. [Online]  [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23]

Sharma, A., Nash, A. and Dorman, M. (2009) ‘Cortical development, plasticity and re-organization in children with cochlear implants.’ Journal of Communication Disorders Volume 42, Issue 4, July-August.

Simpson, S.,Lewis,R., van der Voort.,J.Butler, C. (2011) ‘Oral or topical nasal steroids for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children’ Cochrane Library. Online] [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23]

Simpson, S., Thomas, C., van der Linden, M., MacMillan, H., van der Wouden, J., Butler, C. (2007) Identification of children in the first four years of life for early treatment for otitis media with effusion Cochrane Library [online]  [Accessed: 9 Sept. 23]

Tos, M., Holm-Jensen, S., Hjort Sørensen, C., Mogensen, C., (1982) ‘The Spontaneous Course and Frequency of Secretory Otitis in 4 year old children.’ Archives Otolaryngol Volume 108 pp. 4-10

Watkin P (2001)in Ballantyne’s Deafness, 6th edition. Whurr: London

Whitton, J. and Polley, D. (2011) ‘Evaluating the Preceptual and Pathophysiological consequences of auditory deprivation in early postnatal life: A comparison of Basic clinical studies.’ Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology 12: pp. 535- 546.

Wilks, J.. Maw, R., Peters, T., Harvey, I., Golding,J. (2000) ‘Randomised controlled trial of early surgery versus watchful waiting for Glue Ear: the effect on behavioural problems in preschool children’. Clinical Otolaryngology, June, Volume 25, Issue 3 pp. 169-240.

Williamson, I., Dunleavey, J., Bain, J., Robinson, B., (1994) ‘The natural history of otitis media with effusion - a three-year study of the incidence and prevalence of abnormal tympanograms in four South West Hampshire Infant and First schools.’ The Journal of Laryngology and Otology. Vol 108, pp. 930-934.

Williamson, I., Benge, S., Mullee, M., Little, P. (2006) ‘Consultations for middle ear disease, antibiotic prescribing and risk factors for reattendance.’ British Journal of General Practice, March, 56 pp. 170-175.

Williamson, I., Vennik, J., Harnden, A., Voysey, M., Perera, R., Kelly, S., Yao, G., Raftery, J., Mant, D., Little, P. (2015) ‘Effect of nasal balloon autoinflation in children with otitis media with effusion in primary care: an open randomized controlled trial.’ Canadian Medical Association Journal. Vol. 187 no.13. pp 961-969

van Zon, A, van der Heijden, G., van Dongen, T., Burton, MJ, Schilder, A. (2012) Antibiotics for otitis media with effusion in children [review] Cochrane Database Syst Rev.;9:CD009163.

Zielhuis.G., Rach.G., Van Den Bosch.A., Van Den Broek.P., (1990) ‘The prevalence of otitis media with effusion: a critical review of the literature.’ Clinical Otolaryngol 15 pp. 283 – 288.

Zielhuis.G., Rach.G., Van Den Broek.P., (1990) ‘The occurrence of otitis media with effusion in Dutch pre-school children.’ Clinical Otolaryngol 15 pp. 147 -153